Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tau txaus siab nyob rau hauv kev nplaum. Tab sis, txawm hais tias muaj pes tsawg tus muab tso rau pem hauv ntej thev naus laus zis hais txog qhov ntawm cov txheej txheem no, kev nplaum tseem tseem yog ib qho nyuaj kawg thiab tsis zoo kawm txog qhov tshwm sim.
Lub tswvyim ntawm "kev nplaum" tuaj yeem pom hauv cov ntaub ntawv kev kawm ntawm ntau yam kev coj ua, nws yog physics, chemistry lossis biology. Hauv txhua ntawm lawv, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nplaum yog suav tias yog qhov sib txawv, tab sis ntawm ib qho tag nrho cov kev kwv yees tseem pom zoo: kev nplaum rau hauv lawv txhais tau tias kev sib txuas, kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib qho microparticles nrog txhua lwm yam. Thiab qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, vim los ntawm los ntawm Latin lo lus "adhesion" yog txhais ua "nplaum".
Cov nplaum hauv physics
Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm physics, adhesion tsis muaj dab tsi ntau dua li kev nplaum thaum cov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb hauv qhov sib chwv hauv tib / txawv xeev ntawm kev sib sau ua ke. Piv txwv li, xws li daim ntawv cog lus tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm ob qho khoom / kua chaw, zoo li ntawm cov kua thiab cov ua kua.
Cov nplaum ntawm cov khoom yog tsim vim yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv: cov tsos ntawm cov tshuaj sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj molecules ntawm cov tshuaj, kev faib tawm (nkag mus ntawm cov qauv ntawm ib qho tshuaj nyob hauv ciam ntawm lwm qhov) lossis van der Waals rog (tshwm sim thaum lub lwg me me ncov qaum).
Muaj lwm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm adhesion manifestation - autohesion, uas feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog cohesion. Thawj qhov tshwm sim vim kev sib cuag ntawm cov neeg tsis muaj lub cev, tab sis tib lub sijhawm cov ciam theem tau tshwj tseg. Cohesion tshwm sim ntawm cov molecules ntawm tib lub cev. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, muaj xwm txheej thaum adhesion, vim los ntawm lwm yam sab nraud, hloov mus rau kev sib koom ua ke. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum diffusion (thaum thaj tsam ntawm theem yog qhov muag plooj). Qee qhov xwm txheej, cov nplaum khi ntu ntawm cov ntu tuaj yeem ua kom muaj zog dua li cov cohesive. Tom qab ntawd, thaum cov tub rog siv mus rau qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw, lub ciam theem yuav nyob ruaj khov, thiab hauv qhov tsis tshua muaj zog, kev sib tawg ntawm kev sib koom ua ke yuav tshwm sim.
Adhesion hauv Chemistry
Nws thiaj li tau tshwm sim tias chemistry yog ze ze rau physics. Yog li, cov tswv yim pom zoo rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nplaum. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev lag luam chemical ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb tau muab rau nws - thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv cov xim sib txuas thiab cov xim pleev xim thiab cov kua roj vanish yog ua raws li qhov xwm txheej no. Feem ntau feem ntau, lub tswv yim ntawm kev nplaum ntawm cov hauv kev siv tshuaj yog siv rau hauv kev sib txuas nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm gluing nyuaj qhov chaw (substrates) nrog tus nplaum (nplaum).
Adhesion hauv biology
Hauv kev kawm txog tsiaj txhu, lub tswv yim ntawm kev nplaum ua siv tsis yog rau cov lwg me me, tab sis rau cov khoom loj - cov cell. Adhesion yog xws li kev sib txuas ntawm lawv, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb cov keeb kwm keeb kwm raug tsim, hom uas nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov sib cuam tshuam cov hlwb. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlwb, nyeg, yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov muaj cov protein tshwj xeeb rau ntawm qhov chaw hu.
