Tus muaj nyob hauv lub tundra yog tsis muaj ntau haiv neeg. Yog li no, tsiaj, sim hloov kho rau cov xwm txheej hnyav ntawm sab qaum teb, ntev dhau los hloov mus rau "thaj chaw" zaub mov, nrhiav thiab noj mosses thiab lichens. Ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom noj reindeer yog lichen.
Yagel - "mos lwj moss"
Yagel feem ntau hu ua "mos lwj moss", txawm hais tias los ntawm nws qhov nws tsis yog xws li, tab sis belongs rau cov pab pawg ntawm lichens, mus rau genus Kladonia. Qhov no lichen loj hlob, raws li txoj cai, hauv tundra, nyiam qhov qhuav thiab qhib ib puag ncig. Ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov reindeer lichen yog qhov siab tsis tshua muaj dej khov. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav zoo coj hauv paus hauv qhov huab cua sov.
Lub lichen loj hlob qeeb qeeb, tsuas yog ob peb millimeters ib xyoos twg. Yog li ntawd, tom qab grazing reindeer, uas nquag noj no lichen, nws qee zaum yuav siv sij hawm xyoo los yog txawm xyoo lawm los kho cov nyom noj. Lub sijhawm no yog lub sijhawm uas yuav tsum muaj rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm txoj hnyuv thiab rov qab zoo li lichen yuav rov ua dua nyob rau hauv tundra.
Nyob rau hauv cov tsos, reindeer lichen zoo ib yam muaj pes tsawg leeg intertwined xov zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov hlwb. Cov tawv ntoo tsis muaj qhov ntsej muag no hu ua "mos lwj moss" tsuas yog vim hais tias thaum lub caij ntuj no hnyav nws tau noj reindeer, uas ntseeg tau pom tus tsiaj reindeer nyob rau hauv cov daus, raug coj los ntawm ib tus ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb. Thiab lwm yam neeg nyob hauv lub tundra, piv txwv li, lemmings, tsis txhob xav txog nws txaj muag noj reindeer lichen.
Yagel yoog yooj yim heev rau lub teeb meem hnyav ntawm tundra, ua tiav kev sib tw nrog lwm hom kev cog qoob loo, piv txwv li, nrog mosses. Lichen nquag loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo moss thiab feem ntau ua rau hnub ci tsis pom kev, tsis muaj tus ntxhuab tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob tau. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ntxhuab thickets yeem nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm reindeer lichen, yielding thaj chaw loj heev rau nws.
Qhov twg yog reindeer lichen siv
Yagel yog dav siv hauv cov tshuaj pej xeem, vim nws tau tshaj tawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob. Lub Nenets thiab lwm haiv neeg nyob rau sab qaum teb feem ntau siv cov lichen no rau kev tsim khoom ntawm potions. Kuj tseem muaj kev sim paub nrog reindeer lichen hauv kev ua noj ua haus - tshwj xeeb cov ncuav thiab cov kua ntses yog tsim los ntawm nws, thiab tseem ntxiv rau cov khoom qab zib.
Tab sis feem ntau, cov tsiaj reindeer txau cov tsiaj reindeer, ua cov tsov ntxhuav qhia tawm ntawm cov khoom noj ntawm cov tsiaj tsis zoo no lub caij ntuj no. Ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lichen yog tias nws tso cai rau tsiaj kom tshem tau cov kab mob plab hnyuv. Hauv qee thaj tsam ntawm Norway, reindeer lichen twigs tau muab raws li kev pub ntxiv rau cov tsiaj hauv tsev: yaj, nyuj thiab npua.
Qhuav lichen yog qhov nyuaj rau tuaj tos vim hais tias nws cov ceg yog heev nkig. Feem ntau, kev sib sau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw yog nqa tawm tom qab los nag hnyav. Tom qab ntawd lub lichen yog ziab kom qhuav, tom qab uas nws tuaj yeem khaws cia rau lub sijhawm yuav luag tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab rotted. Cov lais xees npaj rau kev pub mis rau cov tsiaj yog pre-soaked nyob rau hauv me ntsis salted dej thiab ntxiv rau tsoos pub. Cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov hnav khaub ncaws sab saum toj no yog ntau heev.
