Ib qho ntawm cov ntawv sau uas muaj npe tshaj plaws uas tso cai rau cov neeg dig muag sau thiab nyeem yog niam ntawv Braille. Ib tus dig muag tus txiv neej Fabkis tsim nws raws li qhov paub ua ntej ntawm Gayuy.
Cov Lus Qhia
Kauj ruam 1
Tus kws sau ntawv Fab Kis Louis Louis xyoo 1824, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 xyoo, tsim cov ntawv teev daws kev mob, nws tus kheej raug dig muag txij thaum muaj peb xyoos. Lub sijhawm ntawd, twb muaj ib daim ntawv sau los ntawm lub chaw sau ntawv los ntawm Valentin Gayui, uas tau siv cov ntawv sau uas siv los ntawm tub rog rau kev nyeem hauv tshav pob (thaum tsaus ntuj) raws li nws kev sau ntawv. Qhov kev tsis zoo ntawm cov tub rog hom yog nws txoj kev xav, vim tias muaj ob peb lo lus ntawm nplooj ntawv.
Kauj ruam 2
Txawm hais tias Braille tsis yog qhov pib ua tus niam ntawv rau tus dig muag, nws tsim txoj kev sau ntawv tshiab, uas tau ua raws li cov ntawv sib luag nrog rau 6 tus qauv - ntawv sau. Txog kev sau, daim ntawv thov ntawm cov phiaj prints ntawm daim ntawv tau tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, lub kaw lus no tseem muaj ntau tus cwj pwm tsis zoo, piv txwv li, tsis muaj peev xwm tsim cov peev tsiaj ntawv, chaw sau tom qab tsis nco qab thiab ua ntej tsoo chaw. Txheeb txoj kev sau ntawv tsis meej, qee qhov kev hloov cov txheej txheem lus tau hloov thaum siv cov cim Braille.
Kauj ruam 3
Ib qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sau ntawv hauv Braille yog tias cov ntawv sau yog sau los ntawm sab xis mus rau sab laug, tom qab ntawd daim ntawv muab tig rov qab thiab cov ntawv nyeem tau nyeem raws cov qauv tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntawv sau tawm.
Kauj ruam 4
Thaum qhia kom nyeem ntawv Braille, nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub siab tias cov tsiaj ntawv raug lees paub los ntawm cov pob rau sab nrauv. Qhov kev sib tw loj tshaj yog tias cov neeg kawm feem ntau muaj qhov tsis hnov zoo ntawm tau kov lawv cov ntiv tes. Yuav kom ntseeg tau hais tias cov neeg dig muag muaj qhov ntsej muag ntiv tes yog qhov yuam kev.
Kauj ruam 5
Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov kev nkag siab ntawm qhov kov, nws raug nquahu kom hla dhau cov khoom me me xws li khaub noom taum pauv, taum pauv, hlaws dai. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev cob qhia tus neeg ua haujlwm kom ua haujlwm nrog ob txhais tes tib lub sijhawm. Ntxiv mus, txheeb tawm cov buckwheat thiab mov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsom rau lawv cov duab, kom nco ntsoov qhov kev hnov.
Kauj Ruam 6
Cov kev qhia ntxiv rau kev qhia cov niam ntawv Braille yog: ib tsab ntawv, piv txwv, cov ntawv Lavxias, ua los ntawm cov yas thiab nrog perforations siv sib haum rau cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm Braille niam ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 7
Muaj txawm tias Rubik lub voos xwmfab rau cov neeg dig muag. Hloov cov xim, ib qho kev tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag yog thov rau ntu ntawm lub voos xwmfab. Txhawm rau pab cov tub ntxhais kawm, lub rooj tshwj xeeb tau tawm uas tso cai rau tus neeg dig muag nco txog Braille. Lub rooj muaj cov tsiaj ntawv Lavxias thiab embossed bulges hauv Braille, sib haum rau tsab ntawv Lavxias, yog siv rau txhua tsab ntawv.
Kauj ruam 8
Txhua tus niam ntawv puav leej raug sau nyias. Yog li, tsab ntawv "A" sib raug rau qhov chaw nyob ntawm ib kis nyob rau sab laug ces kaum kawg, tsab ntawv "B" - nyob rau tib qho chaw, tab sis twb tau ob lub ntsiab lus. Feem ntau nws yuav siv li ib hlis thiab ib hlis los paub tus niam ntawv, tom qab uas tus tub ntxhais kawm tau txais qhov yooj yim nyeem ntawv uas tsis muaj cim sau ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 9
Feem ntau, hauv Lavxias, txhawm rau ua haujlwm nrog "dig muag" fonts, cov ntawv tuab ntawm A4 hom tau siv, tus tseev tsim ntiaj teb qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov dots yog 2.5 hli. Tsis txhob tso ntau dua 25 kab ib daim ntawv.
