Sib nqus kua dej yog qhov txawv txav ntawm kev nce qib ntawm tib neeg kev txawj ntse thiab neeg nyiam. Tsis zoo li feem ntau kev tsim tawm qiv los ntawm qhov, nws tsis muaj analogues. Vim nws cov yam ntxwv txawv txav, cov khoom sib nqus tau muaj ntau thiab ntau daim teb ntawm daim ntawv thov: hauv kev lag luam tub rog, hauv kev kho thiab tshuaj, hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ntsuas.
Dab tsi yog cov khoom sib nqus dej
Lub cev muaj zog sib nqus, lossis ntau dua li lub cev muaj zog tshaj plaws, yog ib qhov kua dej uas muaj ntau qhov pom muaj nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw lub cev muaj zog. Nws tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm Latin lo lus ferrum, uas yog, "hlau".
Sib nqus kua dej yog tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li ib qho kev tawg tawm heev. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws yog lub kaw lus colloidal uas muaj cov cab kuj muaj kua thiab ferromagnetic nanosized hais raug tshem tawm hauv nws. Tus neeg nqa khoom ua kua tuaj yeem yog dej, organic solvent, hydrocarbons, organosilicon lossis organofluorine tshuaj.
Lub npe, txawm li cas los xij, ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw tsis sib raug rau kev muaj tiag, vim tias cov cawv ntawd lawv tus kheej tsis muaj lub zog ferromagnetic. Tom qab qhov tas ntawm raug rau lub chaw magnetic, lawv tsis khaws cov hlau nplaum seem. Cov kua hluav taws xob yog qhov tseeb tsuas yog cov paramagnets lossis, uas lawv tseem hu ua, "superparamagnets" - lawv yooj yim heev rau kev sib nqus.
Keeb kwm ntawm ferromagnetic kua
Cov kua hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom sib xws tau tshwm sim ntev dhau los. Yuav luag tib lub sijhawm, lawv tau tsim nyob rau hauv 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem hauv Asmeskas thiab USSR. Hauv cov xyoo ntawd, lawv tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw pabcuam.
Cov tshuaj no muaj nyob rau lwm lub voj voog ntawm kev tshawb fawb los ntawm zej tsoom tsis ntev dhau los. Niaj hnub no cov kua dej sib nqus tau kawm hauv ntau lub tebchaws uas muaj lub peev xwm loj: Lub Tebchaws Nyij Pooj, Fab Kis, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, thiab Tebchaws Aas Kiv.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm lub tshuab nqus dej
Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb thiab tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua cov kua dej ferromagnetic yog qhov lawv cov ua ke ntawm cov fluidity nrog cov khoom sib nqus tshwj xeeb. Rau cov ntsuas ob no, cov khoom siv ferromagnetic yog kaum ntawm txhiab lub sijhawm zoo dua ib qho ntawm cov kua paub. Nws ua tsaug rau cov khoom no cov hlau nplaum ncua kev kawm tau pom thoob plaws daim ntawv thov nyob hauv ntau daim teb.
Piv txwv li, lawv tau siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tsim nrog lawv pab txheej txheej uas tiv thaiv qhov chaw zoo los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws. Thiab ntau tus tweeter siv ferrofluids los ua cua sov kom deb ntawm lub suab coil.
Hauv kev siv tshuab, xws li kev ncua kev kawm raug siv los txo kev sib txhuam ntawm ib qho ntawm ib feem ntawm qhov sib dhos.
Cov kua dej sib nqus kuj tau siv rau hauv cov khoom siv ntsuas - ua tsaug rau lawv cov khoom zoo nkauj, lawv tau pom lawv cov niche hauv optics.
Cov kev sim no tseem tab tom sim siv cov kua dej ferromagnetic los tshem cov qog.
