Nws tsis yog rau qhov tsis muaj dab tsi uas luam yeeb hu ua Hoobkas kev lag luam chemical tshwj xeeb. Nws muaj txog 4,000 tshuaj yeeb dej caw thiab tshuaj lom neeg, thiab kwv yees li 5,000 leej nyob hauv cov yeeb yuj luam yeeb.
Roj thiab cov khoom theem theem
Nyob hauv qhov uas kub ntawm luam yeeb nplooj, cov tshuaj tsis haum yuav pib yaj thiab zom - yog li cov tshiab ntawm cov pa luam yeeb tshwm. Thiab cov tshuaj tsis haum, tso dej tawm, tig mus rau pa taws. Cov pa hluav taws xob tseem ceeb yog tsim thaum nqus tau cov pa. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov puffs, qhov hlawv lub khob haus luam yeeb tawm ib qho dej ntawm cov pa luam yeeb nrog nws tus kheej cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb - cov no muaj cov kua nyeem tau zoo tshaj plaws tshem tawm hauv huab cua, txhua tus ntawm muaj ntau cov tebchaw ntawm oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxide thiab carbon dioxide, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ib nrab thiab hloov pauv tau.
Cov tshuaj uas tsim los ntawm luam yeeb yog cais raws li roj thiab muaj feem. Thawj zaug suav nrog hydrogen cyanide, carbon oxide thiab dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, isoprene, ammonium, acetaldehyde, isoprene, nitrobenzene, acrolein, acetone, hydrocyanic acid, thiab lwm yam.
Cov pa luam yeeb theem feem ntau muaj cov nicotine, luam yeeb tuab (tar) thiab dej. Cov ntaub nplaum muaj cov kab mob polycyclic uas muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbons, ntawm lawv cov tshuaj tsw qab amines, nitrosoamines, pyrene, isoprenoid, fluoranthene, anthracene, chrysene, yooj yim thiab cov phenols, naphthols, cresols, naphthalenes, thiab lwm yam.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj uas tso tawm ntawm cov luam yeeb mus rau saum huab cua tsuas yog nqus tau los ntawm tus haus luam yeeb nws tus kheej, thiab qhov seem yog nqus cov neeg nyob ze uas raug yuam kom ua pa luam yeeb.
Cov theem khoom muaj xws li, nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj, cov khoom siv hlau hauv cov khoom sib txawv (hauv kev txiav txim siab): potassium, sodium, zinc, txhuas, txhuas, tooj liab, cadmium, npib tsib xee, manganese, antimony, hlau, arsenic, tellurium, bismuth, mercury, manganese, lanthanum, scandium, chromium, nyiaj, seleniy, cobalt, cesium, kub. Ntxiv rau, cov xov tooj hluav taws xob ntawm cov txhuas, polonium, potassium, strontium, thiab lwm yam yog tsim los.
Cov yeeb yam muaj zog tshaj plaws
Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua luam yeeb yog nicotine. Hauv nws daim foos, nws yog kua tsis muaj roj. Ib tus luam yeeb muaj txog 2 mg ntawm nws nyob rau nruab nrab. Nicotine yog tshuaj lom uas muaj zog uas cuam tshuam rau txhua yam hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Nicotine nyob rau hauv 1809 tau ua ntej cais los ntawm nplooj yeeb. Nws tau muaj npe tom qab nws cov neeg nyiam, Fab Kis tus yawg, Jean Nico.
Ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv teev me me ntawm lwm cov tshuaj sib txuam hauv luam yeeb thiab luam yeeb:
- ammonia yog cov roj tsis muaj kob;
- acetone - lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsia thawv polish remover;
- arsenic - tshuaj lom;
- vinyl chloride (ua rau mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, qaug zog);
- formaldehyde yog ib qho muaj kev tiv thaiv;
- luam yeeb tar yog carcinogen;
- acrolein yog tshuaj lom;
- cov pa roj carbon monoxide - cov xim tsis muaj kob, tsis muaj ntxhiab uas ua rau kuab lom hauv cov chav kaw;
- npib tsib xee thiab cadmium - cov hlau hnyav nrog cov nyhuv ua rau mob rau lub raum;
- ethylene yog hydrocarbon yooj yim uas ua rau qaug zog thiab nkees nkees;
- toluene - siv hauv kev tsim cov xim tsev, cov kuab tshuaj;
- urea - ntxiv rau tsw, pab txhawb kev haus luam yeeb uas tos lwm tus;
- hydrogen cyanide - ib qho tshuaj lom uas siv los cuab cov nas;
- polonium 210 (xov tooj cua, tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav);
- hydrocyanic acid (lom).
