Asphalt yog ib qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroog tshiab thiab cov chaw nyob deb nroog. Raws li txoj cai, zoo-tso asphalt kav ntev txog 10 xyoo, raug rau kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws.
Qhov ua haujlwm ua ntej
Thawj theem yog kev kos cim ntawm qhov chaw nyob: cov kws tshaj lij txiav txim siab seb lawv yuav tso txoj kev asphalt, qhov twg los tso rau ntawm ntug kev, thiab qhov twg yuav sau thiab tso dej nag. Lawv kuj txiav txim siab qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm asphalt pob zeb ua kev, cov tuab ntawm cov pob zeb zuaj. Lub cev tuab ntawm 10-15 cm yog txaus nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam uas feem ntau cov neeg taug kev tsiv thiab qhov twg cov neeg caij npav thauj khoom tsis ntau dhau. Yog tias thaj chaw muaj kev lag luam, chaw muag roj tsheb, ib ntu ntawm kev yog tsim kho, i.e. cov tsheb khiav tsis tu ncua, suav nrog cov tsheb thauj khoom, yuav tsum tau ua tiav, tom qab ntawd 25-35 cm tsoo pob zeb puag thiab ob lossis peb txheej txheej ntawm asphalt yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Pob zeb tawg yog xaiv nrog cov qib uas haum. Qhov feem me me yog qhov loj me ntawm ib leeg pob zeb / nplej, uas yog qhov tso cai ntau tshaj plaws hauv txhua kis. Yog tias qhov xav tau tuab ntawm lub pob zeb crushed yog 10-15 cm, tom qab ntawd lub pob zeb ntawm 20-40 cm feem yog siv. Yog lub hauv paus yuav tsum dav thiab ntseeg siab dua, nws tau tso rau hauv ob lossis peb txheej. Thaum tso cov txheej hauv qab ntawm lub hauv paus, cov pob zeb tsoo yuav tsum muaj feem ntawm 40-70 cm, cov txheej no nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm dej nce hauv av yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov dej ntws. Qhov thib ob txheej muab ib qho kev faib txawm ntawm lub thauj khoom ntawm lub hauv paus, rau nws lawv coj 20-40 cm crushed pob zeb. Thaum pob zeb ntawm 5-20 cm feem yog siv rau txheej thib peb. Txhua txheej tau muab sib dhos nrog cov yas txhuam hauv 5-6 daim hla. Txoj kab nqes nyob hauv thaj chaw (5-10 hli toj ib 1 'meter') tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia qhov twg lub teeb tsa dej nag sau.
Kev teeb tsa cov chaw nkag, dej nag ntws, teeb tsa lub kaus mom, kev tsim kho thiab kev kho lub qhov dej ntawm qhov dej thiab cov lim dej tau nqa ua ntej kev tso cov asphalt.
Asphalting
Nws raug nquahu kom nteg asphalt thaum tsis muaj nag thiab ntawm huab cua kub yam tsawg 10 ° C kom qhov sib tov tsis txias. Yog tias, rau qee qhov laj thawj, kev tso pw tau nqa tawm thaum lub caij ntuj no, ib qho "hlau" yuav tsum tau taug kev ua ntej thaj chaw - lub tshuab tshwj xeeb uas yuav qhuav thiab sov lub hauv paus.
Pob tseg tsheb thauj khoom npaj-ua asphalt pob zeb ua kom sib xyaw rau qhov chaw. Asphalt pavers kis tau nws thoob plaws thaj chaw, thaum yob tawm, rammers thiab vibratory paib nws.
Lub asphalt yuav tsum nteg thiaj li hais tias nws yog qib nrog puag ncig. Nws cov tuab yog nyob ntawm cov phiaj xwm kev ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, nyob hauv thaj av sib txuas ntawm thaj chaw siab ntawm cov tsev nyob siab, ib txheej asphalt ntawm thaj tsam li 4-5 cm yog qhov tsim nyog. Yog hais tias muaj kev siv ntau ntawm thaj chaw yog npaj, kev txav ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom, thiab lwm yam, asphalt yuav tsum tau pw hauv ob txheej - los ntawm cov ntxhib-nplua-nplua thiab nplua-nplua asphalt pob zeb, txhua txheej los ntawm 4-5 cm. Rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws txheej muaj zog, txheej thib peb tuaj yeem thov.
Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua kom tiav ntawm cov txheej qis dua ntawm asphalt nrog cov txheej sab saud, qub thiab tshiab, ib txoj kab ntawv yog siv - bitumen. Nws yog nchuav tshaj li cov txheej asphalt txheej ua ntej ua daim tshiab.
Txoj kev pua tshiab yog qib nrog cov tshuab tshwj xeeb - txoj kev chais thiab cov pa vibratory. Rollers hnyav 6-10 tons lossis ntau dua yog siv los cog kev puag lub hauv paus thiab kev siv cov av pob zeb pob zeb, uas yog tsim los rau cov hnyav. Rollers hnyav 2-4 tons yog siv rau kev cog lus asphalt, tsim rau cov khoom hnyav. Hauv qhov chaw nyuaj-tau mus txog qhov kawg, cov paib ua kom nrov thiab vibratory rammers siv. Yuav ua rau kev cog lus zoo dua, lub hauv paus yog noo noo siv dej tshuab.
