Naphthalene yog ib qho chaw tsim muaj organic. Nws yog cov roj ntsha uas tsis muaj ntxhiab, nws yog cov khoom zoo, muaj nplai thiab tsis muaj xim; Nws yog siv hauv kev tsim cov khoom tawg, dyes, thiab ua tshuaj tua kab.
Naphthalene muaj cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab tsw heev, nws tau txais los ntawm thee tar los ntawm distillation, nws cov ntsiab lus hauv nws tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 8 txog 10%, naphthalene kuj tuaj yeem raug cais tawm ntawm cov roj pyrolysis khoom, uas yog ntau dua huv dua li cov roj tar.
Naphthalene nrhiav tau rau neeg ntiaj teb thaum xyoo 1820 los ntawm Garden nyob rau hauv thee tar. Hauv tib lub xyoo, qhov kev kawm txog nws cov xeeb ceem ntawm lub cev tau ua los ntawm J. Kidd, uas tau hais tawm lub npe tam sim no. Xyoo 1826, Faraday tau tsim cov qauv sib txawv rau cov tshuaj C5H4, thiab xyoo 1866 Erlenmeyer tau tawm qauv qauv ntawm kev coj ua ke ntawm cov roj pleev ib puag ncig benzene rings.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm naphthalene
Txij li naphthalene muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo heev, nws tau siv hauv kev phais. Nws kuj tseem pab nrog cov kab mob ntawm txoj hnyuv, mob ntawm lub zais zis, hauv kev tawm tsam cov cua nab thiab mob typhoid, nws kuj tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej ua antipyretic. Niaj hnub no, naphthalene tau muab txoj hauv kev rau cov tshuaj tua kab kom zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev tua cov npauj.
Naphthalene muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov kab uas tom, nrog rau yoov, gadflies, horseflies, thiab lwm yam.
Tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub cev
Hais txog nws cov yam ntxwv tshuaj, naphthalene zoo ib yam li benzene: nws tsuas yog yooj yim sulfonated thiab nitrated, thiab tseem cuam tshuam nrog halogens. Raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm benzene, nws tuaj yeem pom qhov txawv tias naphthalene yooj yim nkag mus rau kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Nws qhov ntom ntom yog 1.14 g / cm³, cov tshuaj pib yaj ntawm 80.26 ° C, nws cov taw tes npau yog 217.7 ° C, nws solubility hauv dej yog 30 mg / l, nws ignites kheej kheej ntawm 525 ° C, thiab nws lub teeb nyem nyob hauv qhov ntau ntawm 79 txog 87 ° C, lub zeb qhov loj yog 128, 17052 g / mol.
Cov nyhuv ntawm naphthalene rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv
Ntev raug rau lub sij hawm ntev rau cov khoom ua rau puas tsuaj lossis rhuav tshem cov ntshav liab hu ua cov ntshav liab. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv IARC tau txheeb cov tshuaj yog cov kabmob carcinogen uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob cancer rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj.
Hauv tib neeg lub cev, naphthalene, raws li txoj cai, accumulates hauv cov ntaub so ntswg adipose, qhov twg nws concentrates kom txog thaum nws pib hlawv, thiab cov tshuaj lom pib nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav, uas yuav ua rau lom lub cev, uas tuaj yeem tshwm nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv los ntshav, tsim cov qog, thiab lwm yam …
