Leej Twg Tsim Hluav Taws Xob

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Leej Twg Tsim Hluav Taws Xob
Leej Twg Tsim Hluav Taws Xob

Video: Leej Twg Tsim Hluav Taws Xob

Video: Leej Twg Tsim Hluav Taws Xob
Video: Tshuab nqus dej tsis siv hluav taws xob tsis noj roj tiam 21 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Lub tshuab xaim hluav taws xob muab lub neej rau ntau yam khoom siv thiab cov tshuab ua haujlwm; nws siv lub khoos phis tawm thiab tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, tshuab kas fes thiab tsheb ciav hlau. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua qhov tsim nyog, txawm tias tsis yooj yim nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub ntawm cov cav tov thiab thev naus laus zis.

Niaj hnub hloov hluav taws xob
Niaj hnub hloov hluav taws xob

Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau xav txog lub neej ntawm tus neeg nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XXI tsis muaj cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob los siv. Lawv sau cov chav, haujlwm thiab kev pabcuam nrog kev nplij siab thiab yooj yim. Yog tias hluav taws xob cia li ploj hauv lub ntiaj teb, kev poob siab ntawm nyiaj txiag thiab lub hlwb yuav los ib zaug.

Nrhiav pom keeb kwm

Cov yawg koob ntawm tag nrho cov kev tshawb pom txog kev tshawb fawb hauv lub ncauj lus ntawm "hluav taws xob" yog tus poj niam Greek thaum ub tus tswv yim Thales. Nws tshawb pom tias lub pob zeb, tom qab txhuam tawm tsam ntaub npuag, tuaj yeem nyiam cov khoom ntawm pawg me mus rau saum npoo. Qhov xwm txheej no tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo 7 BC. thiab tau dhau los ua thawj qhov kev soj ntsuam txog lub zog loj rau yav tom ntej.

"Hluav taws xob" yog txhais tau tias "amber", thiab "hluav taws xob" suab zoo li "amber" hauv Homer lus. Qhov pom ntawm Greek tus kws tshawb fawb ntau xyoo dhau los tsuas yog qhov xav paub qhov tseeb uas tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv thov tswv yim.

Ntau ntau tom qab, xyoo 1650, German Otto von Guericke tau tsim thawj thawj qhov txheej txheem uas ua rau kev tsim hluav taws xob. Guericke tau txuas ib lub pob ntawm cov leej faj mus rau tus pas nrig hlau thiab pom nws lub peev xwm nyiam thiab rov ua kom cov khoom, uas yog, electrostatics.

Thaum pib thiab nruab nrab ntawm 18th caug xyoo, cov kws tshawb fawb European tau mus ntxiv, tshawb pom cov khoom tshiab ntawm hluav taws xob. Stephen Grey los ntawm Askiv tau ua qhov kev sim rau kev xa xov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov chaw nyob deb, thiab Charles Dufay los ntawm Fabkis tau los xaus tias muaj ob yam ntxiv hluav taws xob: iav thiab cob. Lawv kuj sawv ntsug thaum cov khoom siv ntuj no tshiav tawm ntawm cov ntaub plaub.

Kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov xwm txheej

Ntxiv mus, qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntuj pom tom qab ib leeg. Tom qab Peter van Muschenburg tsim thawj lub zog hluav taws xob hauv xyoo 1745, Asmeskas Franklin tsim lub "hluav taws xob" txoj kev xav ntawm hluav taws xob. Nws tsim thawj lub laim xob laim thiab kawm txog hluav taws xob xob laim.

Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev kawm txog hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua kev kawm tseeb nyob rau xyoo 1875 tom qab kev tsim Coulomb Txoj Cai. Tus Italian Galvani pom hluav taws xob hauv cov leeg nqaij ntawm cov tsiaj txhu thiab hauv 1791 tau sau ntawv kho cov kabmob ntawm qhov tshwm sim no. Nws qib hluav taws xob Volt tsim thawj cov ntawv xov tooj ntawm tes, tus qauv ntawm lub roj teeb niaj hnub, xyoo 1800.

Lub cev nqaij daim tawv Danish Oersted nrhiav pom hluav taws xob hauv kev sib tham hauv 1820. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm Ampere, Lenz, Joule thiab Ohm ua rau muaj kev txhawb zog rau lub cev thiab nthuav dav lub tswv yim ntawm hluav taws xob.

Qhov kev kub ntxhov hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob niaj hnub no yog kev tshawb fawb ntawm Michael Faraday. Tom qab xyoo 1834, nws piav qhia txog hluav taws xob thiab sib nqus thiab tsim thawj lub tshuab hluav taws xob, tom qab los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob.

Cov keeb kwm ntawm kev tshawb fawb hluav taws xob yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm qhov kev pom zoo no tau tshwm sim tau ntau pua xyoo dhau los. Ib tiam ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau hloov los ntawm lwm cov ntau lub sijhawm ua ntej tej yam uas niaj hnub no dhau los ua lawv yog dab tsi.

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