Lub pob zeb zoo zoo nkauj sib txawv los ntawm cov pob zeb semi-zoo thiab semi-zoo muaj ntau txoj hauv kev. Tab sis qhov kev faib tawm no tseem muaj cai. Qhov tseem kim tshaj plaws, tsis tshua muaj thiab pov hwm lub pov haum yog pob zeb diamond.
Cov paib uas yog pob zeb tau cais
Muaj ntau cov kev faib tawm ntawm gemstones, raws li cov yam ntxwv xws li cov tawv tawv lossis lub teeb tawg ntawm lub pob zeb, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntxhia, muaj cov yam ntxwv crystallographic, thiab nthuav dav hauv xwm. Tias yog vim li cas kev faib mus rau pob zeb zoo nkauj thiab semi-nplua nuj yog qhov xwm yeem.
Thawj thawj zaug, kev faib mus rau cov hom pob zeb muaj nqi tau pom zoo los ntawm M. Bauer xyoo 1896. Tom qab ntawd, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb, suav nrog A. E. Fersman thiab V. I. Sobolevsky, tig mus rau kev txhim kho ntawm qhov teeb meem no.
Nws yog txoj kev cai los faib cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub rau peb hom: cov khoom muaj nqis, semi-semi thiab semi-precious.
Gems
Cov pob zeb zoo nkauj yog cov khoom uas muaj qhov txawv txav los ntawm lawv qhov tshwj xeeb ci ntsa iab, kev zoo nkauj thiab ua si ntawm cov xim, lossis lub zog thiab tawv, thiab uas siv los ua cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub.
Raws li kev faib tawm cov qauv yooj yim, cov pob zeb zoo nkauj ntawm qib thib ib yog: pob zeb diamond, sapphire, chrysoberyl, ruby, emerald, alexandrite, spinel, lal, euclase.
Qib qib thib ob ntawm cov pob zeb uas muaj nqi yog: topaz, beryl, aquamarine, liab tourmaline, phenakite, demantoid, ntshav amethyst, hyacinth, opal, almandine, zircon.
Pob zeb diamond thiab ci ntsa iab yog ib lub pob zeb, uas yog hom ntawm crystalline carbon. Thawj lub npe txhais tau lub pob zeb nyob hauv nws daim ntawv ntuj, thiab lub thib ob - nrog kev txiav.
Tsis muaj cov nqe lus zoo li semi-precious thiab ornamental pob zeb, vim lawv txawv ntawm cov pob zeb zoo nkauj tsuas yog los ntawm lawv cov dav dav thiab tsis tshua pom cov khoom, uas yog xav txog ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam nrog lawv.
Ntawm cov pob zeb semiprecious yog: garnet, epidote, turquoise, dioptase, ntsuab thiab variegated tourmalines, rauchtopaz, pob zeb siv lead ua, chalcedony, lub teeb amethyst, lub hnub thiab moonstone, labrador.
Ornamental (semi-precious) cov pob zeb suav nrog: jade, bloodstone, lapis lazuli, amazonite, qis dua labrador zoo, ntau hom spar thiab jasper, haus luam yeeb thiab sawv quartz, vesuvman, dav hlau, corals, amber, niam-ntawm-hlaws.
Kev faib tawm niaj hnub ntawm gemstones
Cov kws tshaj lij cov kws muag khoom thiab cov kws suavtaw tau xav txog kev faib hom zoo tshaj plaws thiab niaj hnub no los ntawm cov xibfwb E. Ya. Kievlenko.
Thawj pawg neeg suav nrog cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub (lwm lub npe zoo nkauj raug txiav, zoo nkauj) pob zeb:
- pob zeb diamond, xiav sapphire, kab tho, Ruby, constituting thawj chav kawm;
- alexandrite, txiv kab ntxwv, daj, violet thiab xim ntsuab sapphire, zoo nkauj jadeite, dub opal zoo nkauj, uas tau suav nrog hauv chav kawm thib ob;
- demantoid, noble spinel, aquamarine, topaz, rhodolite, zoo nkauj dawb thiab hluav taws opal, liab tourmaline, moonstone (adularia), uas sawv cev rau chav kawm thib peb;
- xiav, ntsuab, liab thiab polychrome tourmaline, turquoise, chrysolite, spodumene zoo nkauj (kunzite, hiddenite), zircon, daj, ntsuab, kub thiab liab beryl, pyrope, almandine, amethyst, citrine, chrysolite, chrysoprase, uas tus kws tshawb fawb tau hais rau chav kawm thib plaub.
Qhov thib ob pab pawg cais cov khoom ua kom zoo nkauj, lossis txiav pob zeb, cov pob zeb:
- rauchtopaz, amber-succinite, hematite-bloodstone, jadeite, pob zeb siv lead ua, lapis lazuli, malachite, jade, aventurine, koom nrog thawj chav kawm;
- agate, cacholong, xim chalcedony, amazonite, heliotrope, rhodonite, sawv quartz, iridescent obsidian, labradorite, opal zoo tib yam, belomorite thiab lwm yam opaque iridescent spars, uas ua rau hauv chav kawm thib ob.
Cov pab pawg thib peb yog sawv cev los ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj thiab ntsia pob zeb, ntawm cov uas: jasper, sau ntawv granite, marble onyx, ntoo petrified, listvenite, dav hlau, jaspilite, obsidian, selenite, aventurine quartzite, fluorite, agalmatolite, xim marble, patterned flint.
