Hauv Lavxias lus, muaj cov lus uas lub ntsiab lus tsis meej meej, txawm hais tias cov neeg rau cov lus no yog haiv neeg ib txwm. Tib lub sijhawm, qee lo lus tsis muaj ib qho, tab sis muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus ntawm ib zaug. Ib ntawm cov lus no yog "ntawv pov thawj".
Kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm lo lus no hauv lub ntsiab lus "nyeem thiab sau ntawv" yog qhov kev txhais ntawm Greek grammata rau Lavxias. Ntawd yog, kev kawm paub yog tus neeg paub txog tus tsiaj ntawv, muaj peev xwm sau thiab nyeem.
Ntxiv rau qhov no, nws yog kev coj los siv tsab ntawv lo lus xa mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ua pov thawj uas tau lees paub, piv txwv li, kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb lossis tsim kev sib raug zoo. Piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yog Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Kev Peev Xwm, Tsab Ntawv Pom Zoo, thiab lwm yam.
Daim ntawv kawm tiav tseem yog ib daim ntawv ua, daim ntawv uas tau lees paub nyob hauv Russia thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem tiav kev ua tiav thiab kev tsim ntawm qee yam kev sib raug zoo. Xws li cov ntaub ntawv suav nrog kev ua tus muag thiab kev cai lij choj thiab lwm yam kev ua zoo sib xws.
Hauv Tsarist Russia, daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev muab khoom plig, khoom ntiag tug, kev txawv txav, thiab lwm yam rau ib tus neeg tau hu ua daim ntawv kawm tiav. Piv txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no: Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm, Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj no thiab lwm tus. Xijpeem, yav dhau los, yuav luag txhua daim ntawv pov thawj lossis ntawv sau hu ua daim ntawv pov thawj.
Cov tub ntxhais kawm uas ua tiav ib qho kev kawm lossis lwm qhov lossis zoo tshaj plaws hauv lawv qhov kev tshawb fawb tseem tab tom ua Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj ntawm Kev Ua Zoo. Thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov nroj tsuag ntawm Soviet lub sijhawm rau hnub no (hauv qee qhov chaw) tau muab Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm Zoo.
Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis nco ntsoov cov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv lo lus no hauv lub txiaj ntsig kev xav. Yog li, piv txwv, yog tias koj xav qhia koj qhov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm tus qauv, cov ntsiab lus lossis kev cai lij choj ntawm daim ntawv no lossis cov ntaub ntawv ntawd, koj tuaj yeem siv cov lus qhia "filkin tsab ntawv" uas muaj feem rau daim ntawv no. Tab sis yog tias cov ntawv ntawm ib daim ntawv, phau ntawv, ntawv sau - thiab ib qho haujlwm twg - zoo li nyuaj lossis tsis yooj yim rau koj kom nkag siab, koj tuaj yeem siv cov lus hais "Suav kev paub ntawv". Nws tshwm sim uas ib tus neeg hu ua "paub", xav nthuav qhia sarcasm hauv kev sib piv nrog txoj kev paub tias nws tau sim tawm.
