Antifreeze yog cov tshuaj uas muaj qhov chaw ua kom khov qis. Yog tias koj ntxiv nws rau dej, tom qab ntawd khov ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke kuj poob qis. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tau siv los tiv thaiv cav thiab tiv thaiv dav hlau icing.
Cov Lus Qhia
Kauj ruam 1
Lo lus "antifreeze" yog tsim los ntawm Greek lo lus "tiv thaiv" (tawm tsam) thiab cov lus Askiv lo lus khov - kom khov. Txhais lus rau hauv Lavxias, "tshuaj tua neeg" txhais tau tias lo lus "tiv thaiv khov" paub txog ntau tus neeg tsav tsheb.
Kauj ruam 2
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev thaiv lub ntsej muag yog raws li kev siv cov kua uas tsis khov ntawm qhov kub tsawg. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm tau siv rau hauv cov tshuab ua cua txias ntawm lub cav sab hauv, los tiv thaiv icing ntawm aircraft thiab tsheb cua tshuab.
Kauj ruam 3
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas siv ntau tshaj plaws yog cov sib xyaw ntawm mono- thiab polyhydric cawv nrog dej. Glycerin, propylene glycol, thiab ethylene glycol yog dav siv ua polyhydric cawv, thiab isopropanol, ethanol, thiab tsis tshua muaj methanol li cov cawv monohydric.
Kauj ruam 4
Hauv cov tsheb, tshuaj tua kab yog siv los ua kom tsis txhob ua kom lub cav tawg ntawm cov dej khov. Raws li koj paub los ntawm chav kawm tawm dag zog, dej nthuav dav thaum khov khov - cov tsim ua kom muaj dej khov tuaj yeem ua rau lub cav tawg. Yog tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntxiv rau hauv dej, nws yuav khov rau ntawm qhov kub qis dua. Txawm tias thaum khov, cov tshuaj pleev ib ce yuav tig mus rau hauv lub cev cov leeg thiab yuav tsis tsim kev hem thawj rau cov cav.
Kauj ruam 5
Feem ntau, tsheb tiv thaiv kev tawm tshuaj yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw dej thiab ethylene glycol. Lawv tuaj yeem muab ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj ntxiv rau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv corrosion thiab cavitation. Ethylene glycol tsis tsuas yog txo qis ntawm qhov khov ntawm lub txias txias, tab sis kuj nce nws cov taw tes npau taws. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no tau ua ib qho txiaj ntsig ntxiv ntawm kev siv ethylene glycol-based antifreezes nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov.
Kauj Ruam 6
Ua raws li cov nyom ntawm cov quav ntxiv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv niaj hnub tau muab faib ua ntau hom - tsoos, Lobrid, Hybrid thiab carboxylated. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ib txwm muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion - ntau yam silicates, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates, borates, thiab lwm yam. Tam sim no, tshuaj tua kab mob ib txwm suav tias yog dhau kev lawm. Organic acids siv nyob rau hauv carboxylate antifreezes. Tsis zoo li cov tshuaj tua kab mob ib txwm, carboxylates tsis ua lub txheej tiv thaiv thoob plaws tag nrho saum npoo ntawm lub kaw lus, tab sis tsuas yog hauv cov chaw ntawm xeb. Carboxylate antifreezes muab kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv xeb thiab cavitation thiab muaj lub neej ua haujlwm ntev. Cov lobrides thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob sib xyaw ua ke siv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov organic thiab inorganic corrosion inhibitors.
