Ob lub steles thiab obelisks yog ib qho ntawm lub cim tseem ceeb uas tau tshwj tseg rau ib qho xwm txheej tseem ceeb. Ob leeg tuaj yeem yog daim pob zeb ntxa. Lub caij no, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov monuments zoo li yog pom tseeb, thiab lawv yuav tsum tsis meej pem.
Ob lub ntsej muag thiab steles hauv keeb kwm sib txawv tau ua cov khoom sib txawv: marble, granite lossis qee yam pob zeb, txawm tias ntoo. Obelleks thiab steles tau muab sau nrog cov ntawv sau. Cov cim ntawm lub cim tseem ceeb hauv lawv daim.
Ib obelisk yog kem, feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ncej tapering upward. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, xws li cov kem muaj qhov square cross seem, tab sis kuj tseem muaj obelisks hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub khob hliav qab. Ntawm stele, ntawm qhov tod tes, zoo li hlais, tsis yog ib qho ncej.
Obelisks
Lo lus "obelisk" yog los ntawm Greek keeb kwm, tab sis thawj obelisks tshwm sim tsis yog nyob rau tim Nkij teb chaws, tab sis hauv Ancient Egypt. Lawv tau ua los ntawm liab granite. Nws tsis yooj yim! Yog li, daim ntawv sau hla ib qho ntawm Egyptian obelisks nyob hauv Karnak hais tias nws tau xya lub hlis los ua nws!
Obelisks Egyptian yog tapering tetrahedral ncej. Ntawm tag nrho plaub lub ntsej muag, cov ntawv sau hieroglyphic tau txua ntoo uas cov neeg Iyiv tau qhuas lawv cov vajtswv, ua ntej txhua yam - lub hnub vajtswv Ra, nrog rau cov vaj ntxwv, kuj tau teev ntawm cov vajtswv. Ntau obelisks tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog pyramidal peaks, plated nrog lub zog ntawm cov nyiaj thiab kub.
Cov kab ke ntawm kev tsim obelisks los ntawm cov neeg Iyiv tau qiv los ntawm ntau haiv neeg ntawm Ntiaj Teb Txheej Txheem Thaum ub. Obelisks tau pib txhim tsa hauv Phenicia, Axilias, Ethiopia.
Tom qab lawv kov yeej tebchaws Iziv, cov neeg Loos thauj ntau lub tebchaws Iyiv mus rau tim Loos. Tom qab ntawd, lawv tau pib txhim tsa lawv tus kheej obelisks hauv lub nroog Loos, tab sis lawv kuj muaj qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov ntsiab lus: lawv tau siv los ua txhua pawg ntawm sundial.
Hauv Tebchaws Europe, kev coj ua kab ke ntawm kev txhim kho obelisks tau hnov qab nyob rau hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog, tab sis rov qab los ntawm Renaissance thiab tsis tau cuam tshuam los txog niaj hnub no. Hauv tebchaws Russia, obelisks tau pib tsa hauv qab Catherine II.
Obelisk ntau tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb yog nyob hauv Washington, DC, ntawm Capitol thiab Tsev Dawb. Nov yog Washington Monument, nws qhov siab tshaj 169 meters.
Stella
Zoo li obelisks, steles tau tshwm sim yav puag thaum ub. Ib qho ntawm cov pob zeb qub tshaj plaws yog ib txog kev cai ntawm cov kev cai lij choj ntawm Npanpiloo tus vajntxwv Hammurabi, uas tau txiav txim thaum xyoo 1793-1750, yog sau rau hauv cuneiform. BC. Cov stele no yog tsim ntawm diorite, lub pob zeb ntawm lub zog keeb kwm.
Lwm qhov nrov nrov stele thaum ub yog lub npe hu ua Rosetta Pob Zeb. Tus stele no tau pom hauv tebchaws Iziv, thiab nws zoo kawg li vim tias cov lus sau rau ntawm nws tau muab sau rau hauv peb hom: hauv cov neeg Iyiv txheej thaum ub - hauv hieroglyphs thiab hauv cov ntawv tom ntej thiab hauv Greek cov lus thaum ub. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau paub ntev lus Greek cov lus thaum ub, thiab ua tsaug rau lub pob zeb Rosetta, lub deciphering ntawm cov ntawv ancient Egyptian tau pib.
Tab sis lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam steles hauv Suav teb, qhov chaw uas lawv tau tsa ob qho tib si ntawm kev tshaj tawm ntawm huab tais thiab ntawm kev pib ua cov tuam tsev. Hauv lub tebchaws no, hauv lub nroog Xi'an, txawm muaj lub tsev khaws puav pheej hu ua "Stele Forest", qhov chaw koj tuaj yeem pom steles tsim nyob rau ntau lub sijhawm ntawm keeb kwm Suav.
