Daim ntawv tracing yog daim ntawv pob tshab siv dav hauv USSR rau kev luam ntau cov duab kos, kos duab thiab kos duab. Nrog rau kev sib kis ntawm cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, nws tau plam nws cov npe nrov dhau los, txawm li ntawd los, daim ntawv me me no tseem siv nyob niaj hnub no.
Keeb kwm dab neeg
Lo lus "tracing paper" yog txhais los ntawm lus Fabkis ua "stencil", "copy". Raws li cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, lub npe tseeb ntawm nws tus neeg ua khoom tsim ua lag luam tsis paub txog qee yam. Cov ntawv sau no tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo 17th hauv tebchaws Yelemes, kev sib txuas nrog cov kev xav tau ntawm cov kws kes duab vajtse, tus qauv kos duab, tus kws tsim qauv uas yuav tsum luam tawm cov duab kos lossis daim duab kos duab. Muaj ib qho kev xav tias thawj thawj daim ntawv tracing tau tsim los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij pej xeem, vim qhov kev xav tau nce ntxiv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov duab kos.
Kev luam ntawv tau coj los ntawm txoj kev niaj zaus "nyob rau hauv stencil", daim ntawv tracing tau superimposed ntawm qhov qub, thiab ib tus contour tau teev raws nws, qhia hauv qab nws cov pob tshab. Cov qauv ntawm kev luam ntawv no ruaj khov rau hauv cov kev ua ub no ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau yam haujlwm thiab qee zaum kuj siv tam sim no.
Thawj thawj “daim ntawv tracing” yog tsim los ntawm cov kws ua ntoo hauv nruab nrab raws li hauv qab no: cov ntawv zoo nkauj tau impregnated nrog cawv tsis muaj zog, roj av lossis turpentine. Yog li nws tau los ua ntau pob tshab piv rau nws lub xeev qub. Tab sis hom no ua rau ntau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg: daim ntawv sab laug stains, nws yog qhov teeb meem los kos ib yam dab tsi rau nws, thiab lwm yam, yog li ntawd, muaj kev xav tau los ntawm daim ntawv tracing uas tam sim no tau paub.
Hauv tebchaws Russia, thawj qhov kev lag luam tsim cov ntawv tracing tau tsim nyob hauv Peterhof ntawm thawj lub xeev-tshuab ntawv luam ntawv xyoo 1816. Ua haujlwm dhau sijhawm, kev tsim cov ntawv tracing tau mastered los ntawm lwm lub lag luam.
Cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov ntawv tracing daim ntawv
Niaj hnub nimno tracing ntawv tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm bleach sulfate cellulose nrog ntxiv ntawm cov ntoo pulp thiab paj rwb ib nrab-loj nrog tus nplaum, lossis los ntawm npaj-ua iav. Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog qhov ntom thiab tuab. Yuav kom ua tiav qhov kev lees paub ntawm daim ntawv tracing, ib qho ntawm ob txoj kev siv - calendering (dhau los ntawm kev sib hloov tshwj xeeb) los yog nce qib ntawm kev sib tsoo. Txoj kev tom kawg yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, vim nws ntxiv dag zog rau daim ntawv, tab sis kuj tseem kim dua. Nws yog qhov ua tau los muab ob txoj hauv kev no rau ib kab ntau lawm.
Hom ntawv tracing ntawv nyob rau hauv USSR
Matt tracing ntawv tsis muaj qhov ci sab, npaj rau kev kos duab thiab luam ntawv nrog tus cwj mem, yog tsim los ntawm daim ntawv tsis muaj daim ntawv. Daim ntawv tracing nrog sab ci nrog tau tsim ua ob hom: number case thiab lavsan. Ink tracing paper tau paub qhov txawv los ntawm nws txoj kev faib me me thiab tau ua rau ntawm daim ntawv. Lavsan tracing ntawv muaj pob tshab zaj duab xis hauv paus ntawm sab glossy.
Mem hluav tracing ntawv tsis muaj lub ntsej muag, ua nyob rau hauv USSR, muaj cov khoom zoo li no uas nws qee zaum siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv sib tsoo rau tooj liab, tooj dag, thiab qee zaum txawm tias yog hlau thiab iav. Piv txwv li, lub Hoobkas calligraphy cwjmem tau siv los ua kom tiav qhov xav tau glide smoothness. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog kev pab ntawm daim ntawv matting tracing, cov puag ncig ntawm cov npoo sab nrauv ntawm tus cwj mem tau polished, uas khawb daim ntawv.
Thov ntawv tracing tam sim no
Cov ntawv niaj hnub tracing siv yog ob qho tib si rau kev kos duab nrog xaum thiab tus cwj mem thiab rau cov luam ntawv digital ntawm cov tshuab, cov luam ntawv thiab cov plotters. Nws yog tsim raws li cov qauv thiab cov cai ntawm GOST. Tsis tas li, daim ntawv tracing daim ntawv qee zaum siv hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus ua cov khoom siv cushioning lossis hauv kev lag luam khaub ncaws hauv kev tsim cov stencils, qauv, thiab lwm yam.
