Porcelain yog ib hom ntawm cov ceramics uas tsis plam nws txoj kev zoo nkauj nyob rau sijhawm. Nrog kev tswj kom zoo, nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm thiab thov lub qhov muag mus ib txhis. Muaj ntau hom plooj (porcelain), sib txawv hauv lawv cov qauv thiab kev tsim khoom.
Lo lus "plooj (porcelain)" raws li lo lus suav nrog txhua cov tais diav ceramic, ob qho tib si dawb thiab translucent. Suav tau qhia lub ntiaj teb rau Suav. Los ntawm txoj kev, lawv ua tsis tsuas lauj kaub tais diav los ntawm plooj (veneers), tab sis kuj yog rooj zaum, gazebos, seev suab paj nruas, thiab lwm yam.
Cov hom ntawm plooj (veneers) thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws cov khoom lag luam
Tag nrho cov plooj (porcelain) niaj hnub no tuaj yeem faib ua peb pawg: European nyuaj cov plooj (porcelain); mos plooj (porcelain), lossis cov plooj (porcelain), thiab plooj (porcelain). Eastern thiab European ceramics yog tsim raws cov kaolin, uas suav nrog av nplaum thiab feldspar. Rau kev ua cov khoom puab European ntxiv, yuav tsum tau muaj ntau dua ntawm cov kaolin uas yuav tsum tau tshaj li ntawm kev tsim cov khoom seem, dua li, txheej txheem rau kev tua nws yog nqa ntawm qhov kub dua. Qhov no muab cov khoom kawg hloov siab dua, tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo - qhov tsis muaj ntawm tag nrho cov xim tshwj tsis yog xiav. Tias yog vim li cas European cov plooj (veneers) pleev xim rau dua ci, thaum cov lus qhia plooj (veneers) muab rau cov iav pleev xim.
Los ntawm nws cov qauv, plooj (porcelain) tuaj yeem ua tawv lossis muag. Cov khoom yog ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm kaolin thiab ib lub hlis twg ntawm quartz. Tus so ntawm nws yog nyob nrog feldspar. Pob txha Tuam Tshoj yog hom tawv suav thiab muaj 50% pob txha tshauv. Nws yog qhov txawv los ntawm kev tshwj xeeb whiteness, thinness thiab translucency. Mos cov plooj (porcelain) muaj ntau dua nyob hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab xav tau kev kho cua sov dua. Lub ntsej muag fusible, ua rau nws zoo li Suav cov plooj (porcelain), tso cai rau cov ntawv sau tuab thiab ntau lub suab nrov softer.
Tshuab ntau lawm
Cov npaj sib tov, suav nrog cov av nplaum, quartz, kaolin thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv, yog nchuav rau hauv cov pwm ua pwm tshwj xeeb, khoob hauv. Raws li cov dej uas muaj nyob hauv kev daws teeb meem ntxiv rau hauv gypsum, txheej sab nraud ntawm qhov workpiece ua cov tawv. Tus nqi ntau dua, ntau phab ntsa tuab nws tau txais. Cov kev daws teeb meem tsis tsim nyog muaj kua xeb, thiab qhov chaw ua haujlwm yog npaj rau kev pleev xim lossis ntxiv rau kev tua hluav taws ntxiv - polished, deburred, thiab lwm yam. Cov txheej txheem nyuaj tau sib sau ua ke los ntawm ntau qhov chaw.
Yog tias xim pleev xim tau pleev rau cov plooj (porcelain) uas tsis kho, npog nrog pob tshab ci thiab muab tso rau hauv lub qhov cub rau hluav taws kub ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1350 ° C, hom kev pleev xim no hu ua underglaze painting. Thaum tua hluav taws, cov xim pleev xim rau hauv lub ntsej muag thiab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kom tau txais cov khoom ci ntsa iab nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo dua ntxiv, nrog rau qhov ntsuas ntawm lub zog thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab tshuaj. Cov xim tha xim sab nrauv muaj cov xim nplua nuj ntawm cov xim. Rau kev hlawv cov khoom zoo li no, qhov kub ntawm 780-850 ° C yog qhov txaus.
Cov pob txha Suav yog raug tua nyob rau hauv qis kub tshaj qhov nyuaj. Rau cov pleev xim rau cov xim overglaze, cov khoom sib txuam raws li cov pos hniav turpentine thiab cov roj turpentine siv. Underglaze xim yog diluted nrog dej thiab qab zib nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ib qho me me ntawm glycerin.
