Xim yog ib yam khoom uas siv los muab xim rau qee yam khoom. Cov txha hniav laus yog cov txheej txheem nyias iav uas tau siv rau saum npoo thiab raug rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm high-temperature. Xim tsev thiab txha hniav laus muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv.
Xim: txhais thiab cov khoom
Cov xim thawm niaj thawm niaj tha xim ua rau raug tshem tawm ncaj heev. Cov xim pleev xim yog tsim rau lub hauv paus ntawm kev ziab roj, roj, looj thiab emulsion. Tsis tas li, nws cov lus sib xyaw yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj uas ua rau ib zaj duab xis nyob saum npoo, thiab cov xim muaj xim. Cov yeeb yaj kiab-cov tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab yog cov khoom siv binder puag, vim tias, tom qab ziab, ib txheej yeeb yaj kiab tsis khov yog tsim rau ntawm cov xim pleev xim. Tsis tas li, cov kuab tshuaj yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv cov xim sib xyaw kom cov khoom siv coj mus rau hauv daim ntawv uas yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev thov.
Muaj ntau cov xim sib txawv - dej-dispersion, silicate, nplaum, kos duab. Lawv cov khoom feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab-cov khoom siv uas muaj nyob hauv lawv cov qauv. Feem ntau lawv siv los tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv nyob rau saum npoo.
Enamel: cov tswvyim thiab cov khoom
Nws yog qhov ib txwm hu rau tus txha hniav laus ib qho kev ncua ntawm cov xim npaj raws ntawm cov kua roj vanish. Thaum qhuav, tus txha hniav laus ua ib zaj duab xis opaque nrog lub matte lossis glossy zoo nkauj. Cov txheej no muaj cov khoom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntawm cov txha hniav laus yog ntau tshaj qhov ntawm cov roj pleev xim.
Cov txha hniav laus muaj ntau ntawm kev tsim yeeb yaj kiab-yeeb yaj kiab thiab qhov feem pua me me ntawm cov ntawv sau. Feem ntau nws yuav siv li rau teev los rau qhov txha hniav laus kom qhuav. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov txha hniav laus tuaj yeem pom tias muaj cov xim sib xyaw xim kom zoo nkauj hauv lawv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov kev xav ntawm cov pigment no yog siab heev. Tias yog vim li cas txha hniav laus pleev tau zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua haujlwm nrog nws yog xim hlau. Tsis zoo li cov xim pleev roj, txha hniav laus tsis tau ntxuav nrog cov kuab tshuaj. Nws raug nquahu kom sib tov lawv kom huv ua ntej siv yog li ntawd stratification rau hauv kev cais tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Lub ntsiab sib txawv ntawm cov xim thiab txha hniav laus
Muaj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm cov xim tsev thiab txha hniav laus. Txhua cov xim muaj cov kuab ntau ntawm cov ntawv sau, thaum lub kaus poom feem ntau muaj cov tshuaj uas tsim ib zaj duab xis.
Tsis zoo li cov xim pleev xim, cov txha hniav laus feem ntau muaj qhov ntxaum, tsis hnov tsw tsis hnov tsw vim muaj cov kua roj vanish hauv lawv cov qauv. Los ntawm txoj kev, niaj hnub ua kom zoo xim tuaj yeem tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw txhua. Tab sis txha hniav laus tiv thaiv saum npoo zoo dua los ntawm ultraviolet rays, kub hloov thiab lwm yam ib puag ncig cuam tshuam.
