Nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas "siv tus tshwj xeeb" siv, nws tuaj yeem txhais cov pab pawg sib txawv, suav nrog cov uas txwv tsis pub muag dawb hauv ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb.
Cov tub ntxhais kawm ua ntej hauv chemistry thiab biochemistry
Cov kws kho mob feem ntau hais txog qhov ua ntej ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm kev tshawb fawb. Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sim tshuaj, cov neeg tso cai ua ntej hnub no suav hais tias yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg ua tshuaj lom neeg uas koom nrog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg tshuaj lom neeg tsom rau tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog feem ntau pawg ntawm cov ua ntej nrog rau cov kev rov nkag siab uas cuam tshuam qhov peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj kawg los nthuav tawm cov khoom muaj kuab lom.
Precursors tseem pom nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem biochemical. Tsuas yog, tsis zoo li cov kws kho mob, cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev kawm txog biochemistry hu rau cov koom nruab nrab ntawm cov zom zaubmov hauv cov txheej txheem ua ntej. Hauv lwm lo lus, txhua yam tshuaj uas koom nrog qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog biochemical tus txheej txheem ua ntej, thiab nws tsis muaj teeb meem txawm tias qhov tsim ntawm qee cov khoom hauv thaj chaw kawg nyob ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw.
Cov tub ceev xwm ua ntej hauv Txoj Cai Lij Choj ntawm Lavxias Federation
Lub sij hawm "ua ntej" tseem muaj nyob hauv Kev Txhaum Cai ntawm Lavxias Federation. Hauv Txoj Cai Kev Txhaum Cai ntawm Lavxias Kev Tshawb Fawb, txheej txheem ua ntej hu ua cov tshuaj uas yog siv rau kev tsim cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev xav.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias tsis yog txhua yam khoom siv, ib txoj kev los yog lwm txoj siv hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj yeeb tshuaj, muaj nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm kev saib xyuas ua ntej. Lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog lub luag haujlwm tsim cov ntawv teev cia, thiab cov koog tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ntxiv rau nws txhua xyoo.
Thaum pib, daim ntawv teev cov khoom muaj cai ua ntej txwv tsis pub qhib kev muag khoom thiab kev faib tawm tau tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1988 los ntawm United Nations Convention tiv thaiv Cov Tsheb Sib Nrauj nyob hauv Yeeb Tshuaj thiab Yeeb Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv.
Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias Federation, cov kev tshwm sim ua ntej tshaj plaws yog: lysergic acid, methanol, chloroform, toluene, hydrochloric acid, nrog rau xim liab thiab daj phosphorus. Nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom pom tag nrho cov tshuaj ntawm cov khoom lag luam dawb.
Los ntawm txoj kev, feem ntau ntawm cov ua ntej tau siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam chemical thiab tsis muaj dab tsi ntau dua li cov tshuaj lom muaj zog. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, vim tias cov tshuaj yeeb dej cawv kuj yog lom, tab sis ntawm qee yam tshuaj lawv tsis ua rau tuag sai. Acetic anhydrite, uas yav dhau los suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj lom txwv nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab, tuaj yeem raug suav ua piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj lom ua ntej. Tam sim no acetic anhydride yog siv los txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb tshuaj ntawm lub hlwb ntawm cov neeg quav.
